Grackles are large blackbirds that have a reputation as bullies at feeders. There are three types of grackle birds to look for across America.
Bullies or Beauties? All About Grackle Birds
Updated on Oct. 14, 2024
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Types of Grackles
Common Grackle
These medium-sized, lanky birds have glossy dark feathers. Their heads look blue or purple in the light, in contrast to their bronzed iridescent bodies. In some parts of the southeast, their bodies are more purple and/or green. Also look for long tails and bills and yellow eyes. The common grackle is larger than a red-winged blackbird but smaller than an American crow (speaking of, have you ever seen a fish crow?). Common grackles can be spotted from Canada and the Great Plains to the southeastern states.
Great-Tailed Grackle
The great-tailed grackle has bold yellow eyes that seem to stand out against their dark silky-looking feathers. Like the common grackle, in the sunlight, they appear to have a blue/purplish color tone. However, their broad, fan-shaped tails set them apart. Their heads are flat, not rounded like boat-tailed grackles. These birds are common from Texas and Oklahoma to southern California.
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Boat-Tailed Grackle
Look for these birds throughout Florida and along the eastern and Gulf coasts. Boat-tailed grackles have rounder heads than the great-tailed grackles and dark (not yellow) eyes.
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Female Grackles
Females grackles are a bit smaller than males with duller plumage. The female great-tailed grackle is dark brown above and lighter brown on the chest, with a light brown eyebrow.
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Juvenile Grackles
According to birding experts Kenn and Kimberly Kaufman, the photo (above) shows a young male boat-tailed grackle molting into adult plumage. “The head and parts of the bird’s wing still have brown juvenile feathers, but the black adult feathers have grown in on other areas of the wing and body. The tail feathers are frayed, but after the new feathers grow in, the tail will look longer and blacker. The bird may be in an awkward adolescent phase now, but it won’t stay that way for long.”
Juvenile common grackles are brown with dark colored eyes. “In the first week of July, I heard some loud bird noises outside our home in Prescott, Wisconsin. Stepping out to see what was going on I saw this adult common grackle and two youngsters on a nearby wire having a very loud family discussion. I went for my camera hoping they’d still be there when I got back. They were, and I got this action shot (above). The young ones are obviously wanting to be fed!” says reader Darrell P. Delahousaye.
What Do Grackles Eat?
Grackles will eat many types of grain and seeds, including cracked corn and sunflower seeds, as well as peanuts. They also eagerly devour suet. In summer, these birds also eat insects, berries and small animals such as frogs and mice.
Kenn and Kimberly advise, “If you’re dealing with a large flock of grackles, the good news is that it’s probably a migratory flock that will stay only a few days before moving on. If they linger too long, you might simply stop filling the feeders for a few days until they go.
Or switch to a different type of feeder. “A tube feeder for thistle (nyjer) seed, with very small perches, will be challenging for grackles but just fine for small finches,” Kenn and Kimberly say.
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Do Grackles Migrate?
Grackles are found year-round throughout most of the United States. Birds that breed in the northern part of their range migrate short distances for winter.
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Grackle Nest
Female grackles construct the nest, often choosing nest sites in conifer trees that offer dense cover. These birds may nest in large groups or colonies near water.
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Are Grackles Corvids?
Though they are each large dark colored birds, grackles are not related to crows. Grackles are in the Icteridae, or blackbird family, which includes orioles and cowbirds. Crows are corvids, more closely related to jays and magpies.
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About the Experts
Kenn and Kimberly Kaufman are the official bird experts for Birds & Blooms. They are the creators of the Kaufman Field Guide series and they lead birding trips all over the world.
